Potential utilization and healthy effects of DOUM plam fruits in ice cream and sesame butter [TEHENA]

Potential utilization of Doum palm fruit [Hyphaene thebaica mart]in its powder form was applied in some food products as a source of fiber, stabilizer and minerals as well as for its potential healthy effect. Doum powder was fractionated and the fraction of 0.1mm that containing hemi cellulose [12.88%], cellulose [21.37%] and lignin [1.08%],was added at levels of 1, 3, 5 and 7% in ice cream mix. Another Doum powder fraction [0.25 mm] containing hemi cellulose [15.60%], cellulose [14.75%] and lignin [5.95%] was used at levels of 5,10,15 and 20% in the production of sesame butter, which is commonly used in some Middle East countries as appetizing and known as Tehena. Changes in specific gravity, freezing point, weight of gallon, titratable acidity, protein stability of ice cream mixes as well as the overrun, melting resistance and sensory evaluation of the produced ice cream were investigated. The results confirmed the presence of a proportional relation between the added quantities of Doum powder and the apparent viscosity of both the produced ice cream mixes and the prepared Tehena. Ice cream sample containing 3% Doum powder was organoleptically superior followed by that of 5% Doum powder. It seems evident that Tehena manufactured from 5 and 10% Doum powder [0.25 mm] was acceptable and having good nutritional value for its mineral content and fiber. A preliminary experiment indicated a noticeable decrement of systolic blood pressure with values ranged between 5 and 10 mmHg, after consumption of ice cream containing different levels [1-7%] of Doum powder [0.1 mm]. On the other hand, more reduction in diastolic blood pressure was observed [1.6-5.OmmHg] for the sample of people under study [age 30 to 60 years]. Subsequently, utilizing Doum palm powder as a potential source for dietary fiber and minerals in both ice cream and Tehena can be achieved successfully beside its expected efficiency in reducing the risk of hypertension

Velocity of specific selective enzymes in mango [Mangifera indica L.] treated with y- Rays

This study aimed to investigate to what extend the velocities of polyphenol oxidase [PPO], peroxidase [POD] and pectinmethylesterase [PME] are affected by irradiation. To reach such target, the investigated mango fruits were irradiated with different doses of gamma-rays; namely, 500, 1000, 1500, 2500 and 5000 Gy produced from Co60. The velocity reaction of the aforementioned enzymes in relation to different substrate and enzyme concentrations were studied. The kinetic properties in terms of affinity, maximum velocity, activity coefficient and slope of reaction were calculated through a specific computer program [enzyme kinetics]. The changes in the velocity patterns of the investigated enzymes as affected by storage for three weeks at 20 +/- 2C were also studied. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that a dose of 2500 Gy could be recommended to reach a higher inhibition level of the three tested enzymes, a pattern which improves the quality and extends the shelf-life of mango fruit

Peroxidase, pectin methylesterase and some constituents of pistachio nuts [Pistachia vera L.] treated with and- Rays

Pistachio nuts [Pistachia vera L.] variety Halapy, family Anacardiaceae were obtained from Aleppo City, Arab Republic of Syria. The investigated pistachios were kept in perforated standard carton boxes of 45 x 30 x 12 cm dimensions under good ventilation conditions. Irradiation treatments were applied using cobalt-60 facilities "Egypt Mega Gamma 1" model AECL 6500 and the dose levels were 250, 500 and 2000 Gy. The irradiated samples were stored at 20C for six months, through which the activities of peroxidase [POD/EC 1.11.1.7] and pectin methylesterase [PME/EC 3.1.1.11] were followed. The kinetic parameters in terms of Km, Vmax, angle of activity, catalytic efficiency, slope of activity and inhibition levels were considered within a storage period of six months. Amino acids and fatty acids profiles of irradiated pistachio were also given. Experiments proved the preference of a dose of 500 Gy for inhibiting both of the two tested enzymes in the investigated pistachios during the whole period of storage

Tannin fiber and ash content of marketable tea samples packaged in Egyptian factories

A survey was performed to analyze the tannein, ash and fiber content of 26 marketable tea samples. The data proved the presence of 4 categories of the tested tea samples with respect to tannein, i.e. 11 to 13%, 14 to 15%, 16 to 17% and from 18 to 19%. The fiber content of the investigated samples showed an average of 9.82-11.5% [DM] for one group and from 11.9-13.98% for the other group. Similar findings were noticed for the ash content; two groups of an average of 5.65% and 7.62%, respectively. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of a significant difference among the tested tea samples

Effects of tiaprofenic acid and piroxicam on serum and 24 hour urinary excretion of calcium in normal and adjuvant-induced arthritic rats

This study was performed in conscious male albino normal rats to determine the changes in Ca+2 excretion and its concentration in the serum following oral administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition by tiaprofenic acid [10 mg/kg] and piroxicam [1 mg/kg] for 21 days. It was found that tiaprofenic acid reduced the mean +/- SE 24-hour urinary Ca+2 excretion significantly after 10 and 21 days. This reduction did not reverse after one month from stoppage of its administration. Serum Ca+2 was lowered significantly after 21 days from its administration and persisted after one month from withdrawal of the drug. Piroxicam reduced significantly Ca+2 excretion and serum concentration of Ca+2 after 10 days and more reduction appeared after 21 days from administration. This reduction was not reversed after one month from stoppage of its administration. On the other hand, in arthritic rats, tiaprofenic acid reduced significantly urinary Ca+2 excretion and serum Ca+2 after 10 days from its administration and more reduction was observed after 21 days. As regads arthritic rats receiving piroxicam, it was found that 24-hour urine volume, urinary excretion of Ca+2 concentration were decreased significantly after 10 days from its administration. This reduction became more apparent after 21 days. One month after withdrawal of tiaprofenic acid and piroxicam, some improvement in these parameters was observed but still a significant reduction was noted compared with the control group [arthritic rats]

study of hepatotoxic effect of tiaprofenic acid and piroxicam in normal and adjuvant-induced arthritic rats

Hepatotoxicity is now a recognized adverse or NSAIDs therapy in any patient, especially individuals suspected to be at risk as elderly patients or those suffering from rheumatic or arthritic conditions. So, this study was performed to investigate the hepatic effect of chronic administration of two members of NSAIDs; namely, tiaprofenic acid and piroxicam, in normal and adjuvant induced arthritic rats. The animals received the tested drugs in doses of 10 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively, orally for 21 days. Serum levels of GPT, GOT and alkaline phosphatase were measured, and also histopathological examination of the liver was done after 10, 12 days of administration and one month later after drugs withdrawal to study the reversibility of their hepatic effect. It was observed that serum transaminases in normal rats receiving tiaprofenic acid were elevated one time normal, whereas in the case of piroxicam, the elevation was more and reached about 1.5 times normal. Histopathological changes revealed vascular changes and fatty degeneration of the liver cells. This effect was reversed, and healing occurred after one month from cessation of the drugs. Meanwhile, in arthritic rats, there was a marked elevation in serum transaminases 2 times normal in tiaprofenic acid and 3 times normal in the case of piroxicam. Moreover, the histopathological examination revealed more damage of the liver with areas of necrosis and fibrosis which more prominent with piroxicam. Some of these changes persist after the drugs were withdrawn for one month

Caffeine, colour and water soluble extract of commercial tea samples packaged in Egyptian factories

26 tea samples that packaged in Egyptian factories were collected from Giza and Cairo governorates. A comparative analysis was determined for caffeine, color and water soluble extract. The comments of Food and Drug Administration [FDA] and National Food Consumption Survey [NFCS] were specially considered for comparing the caffeine content of the tested tea samples. The Egyptian standard for tea [559/1991] was also used for assuring the response analyses of the samples. However, the investigated tea samples could be ordered in 3 main groups. Group A from which the normal consumer could easily have 5 cups/day, while the heaviest one reached 11 cups/day. In case of groups [B] and [C] the corresponding values are 4 and 9 cups/day for the former group and from 3 to 7 cups/day for the latter one